Diagnostic criteria:
A. Any headache fulfilling criterion C
B. A space-occupying lesion of infective nature, other than brain abscess or subdural empyema, has been demonstrated
C. Evidence of causation demonstrated by at least two of the following:
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1. headache has developed in temporal relation to development of the infective space-occupying lesion, or led to its discovery
2. headache has significantly worsened in parallel with deterioration of the infective space-occupying lesion, shown by any of the following:
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a) worsening of other symptoms and/or clinical signs arising from the infective space-occupying lesion
b) evidence of enlargement of the infective space-occupying lesion
c) evidence of rupture of the infective space-occupying lesion
3. headache has significantly improved in parallel with improvement in the infective space-occupying lesion
4. headache has at least one of the following three characteristics:
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a) intensity increasing gradually to moderate or severe
b) aggravated by straining or other Valsalva manœuvre
c) accompanied by nausea
D. Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis.